UPSC Plant Protection Previous Year Questions (PYQs) – Year Wise & Topic Wise

ByFundaIAS

Plant Protection

Diagnosis of pests and diseases of field crops, vegetables, orchard and plantation crops and their economic importance

  1. Discuss the causal organism, symptoms and management of tungro disease in rice. (20M, CSE 2024)
  2. Discuss the systematic position, nature of damage and management of insect and mite pests of brinjal. (10M, CSE 2024)
  3. Write in detail about the causal organism, nature of damage and management of the following diseases and insect pests: (15M, IFoS-2023)
    1. Cotton white fly
    2. Cotton mealy bug
    3. Chickpea pod borer
  4. Describe the causal organism, nature of damage and management of the following stored grain
    pests:
    1. Rice weevil
    2. Khapra beetle (10M, IFoS-2023)
  5. Briefly discuss integrated pest management in cotton. (10M 150W CSE 2023)
  6. Define acellular plant pathogens and discuss their mode of natural transmission. Name five acellular pathogens and symptoms induced by them in potato. (8M, IFoS 2021)
  7. Write a detailed note on incidence and management of fruit fly in ‘cucurbits’ and ‘guava’. (15M, IFoS 2020)
  8. Describe the incidence and management of ‘leaf curl’ and ‘mosaic’ virus diseases in ‘Chilli’ and ‘Okra’ crops. (15M, IFoS 2020)
  9. What is meant by physiological disorders? Describe physiological disorders? Describe physiological disorders of potato. (10M, 150W, CSE 2020)
  10. Enlist the insect pests of cruciferous vegetables indicating their nature of damage and management practices. (15M, IFoS-2019)
  11. Describe symptoms and management of leaf curl and mosaic diseases in tomato. (10M, 150W, CSE 2018)
  12. Fungal wilt and Bacterial wilt of vegetables. (10M, IFoS-2018)
  13. Integrated management of Fusarium and verticillium. (8M, IFoS-2017)
  14. Entomopathogenic bacteria for pest control. (8M, IFoS-2017)
  15. Give a brief account of major pests and diseases of mango with their management measures (20M, CSE 2017)
  16. Give major insect pests of cauliflower and their management. (15M, IFoS-2017)
  17. Give the major insect pests of tomato and their management. (8M, 150W, IFoS-2016)
  18. Short note on red flour beetle and Angoumois grain moth (12.5M, CSE 2016)
  19. Short note on vascular wilt and xylem wilt (12.5M, CSE 2016)
  20. Why Sitophilus oryzae and Rhyzoperthadominica are important? (8M, 150W, IFoS-2016)
  21. Discuss the seed borne diseases of cole crops and their control. (10M, IFoS-2015)
  22. Differentiate between american bollworm and pink bollworm. (10M, IFoS-2015)
  23. Explain the causal organism and management of the disease in tea plantation (12.5M, CSE 2015)
  24. Write the diagnostic symptoms of Blister Blight of Tea. Explain the causal organism and management of the disease in tea plantation (12.5M, CSE 2015)
  25. Write the distribution of mango malformation in India. What are the causes of different malformations? Suggest to combat the malformation. (12.5M, CSE 2015)
  26. Red rust of tea. Its causal agent, diagnostic symptoms, mode of spread and management. (10M, IFoS-2014)
  27. Enlist five important diseases of banana. Discuss the nature of damages caused and their integrated management. (8M, 150W, IFoS-2014)
  28. Potato tubers become green and bitter in taste, when exposed to sunlight during cultivation. (10M, IFoS-2014)
  29. Name the causal agent of black Sigatoka disease of banana. Enumerate the diagnostic symptoms of the disease. Suggest remedial measures to control the disease. (12.5M, CSE 2014)
  30. Explain Powdery mildew of rose and its control. (12.5M, 200W, CSE 2013)
  31. Briefly describe Woolly apple aphid and its control (10M, 150W, CSE 2013)
  32. Short note on cotton whitefly and its control (12.5M, 200W, CSE 2013)
  33. Satellite viruses (12M, 150W, CSE 2012)
  34. What is host plant resistance? Give a detailed account of the biophysical and biochemical account of the biophysical and biochemical bases of resistance. (15M, 200W, CSE 2012)
  35. What are the abiotic and biotic factors responsible for citrus decline? Suggest remedial measures to combat the problem. (15M, 200W, CSE 2012)
  36. Describe the diagnostic symptoms, etiology and management of rhizome rot of ginger or bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops. (15M, 200W, CSE 2012)
  37. Write the causes responsible for alternate bearing mango and apple. Suggest effective measure to overcome the problem. (20M, 250W, CSE 2012)
  38. Describe in detail occurrence, symptoms, etiology, epidemiology and management of apple scab disease (12M, 150W, CSE2 012)
  39. List out the major insect pests of citrus, Write in detail about citrus psylla with its management (15M, 150W, CSE 2011)
  40. Short note on NETO and NEPO viruses (15M, 150W, CSE 2011)
  41. Write in brief the diagnostic symptoms of bunchy top of banana, its mode of transmission and management practices to combat the problem. (15M, 150W, CSE 2011)
  42. Write the diagnostic symptoms of potato spindle tuber disease, its mode of transmission and management. (15M, 150W, CSE 2011)
  43. Bring out the diagnostic symptoms, pathogen, pre-disposing factors and management of late blight of potato. (15M, 150W, CSE 2010)
  44. Short note on Molecular basis of disease diagnosis (15M, 150W, CSE 2009)
  45. Bring out five important pests of citrus mention the nature of damage and management.? (200W, 20M, CSE 2008)
  46. Stylet borne and circulative virus. (150W, 15M, CSE 2008)
  47. Pathotoxin and Vivotoxin (CSE 2008)
  48. Short note on Mango Mealy Bug (20M, CSE 2007)
  49. Bring out five important pests of rice and mention their nature of damage and management (20M, 200W, CSE 2006)
  50. List five important diseases of sugarcane and mention their nature of incidence and management (20M, 200W, CSE 2006)
  51. Critically discuss on vector borne diseases and their management (20M, 200W, CSE 2006)
  52. Define pest. Bring out various groups of crop pests quoting an insect for each and discuss how an insect outbreak occurs. (20M, 200W, CSE 2004)
  53. What are the importance diseases of paddy? Name the causative organisms of these diseases. Give the management schedule of these diseases. (20M, CSE 2000)
  54. Anthracnose in grapes (20M, CSE 2000)
  55. Short note on Plant virus indexing (20M, CSE 1998)
  56. Explain damage done by black stem rust of wheat, pigeon pea (arhar) wilt and sorghum (jowar) grain smut with their control measures. (20M, 200W, CSE 1998)
  57. Describe the insects and pests of cotton (20M, CSE 1997)
  58. Discuss the advantages of alternation of generations in-aphids. (20M, CSE 1996)
  59. Critically discuss with, suitable examples seed-borne pathogens and their controls. (CSE 1995)
  60. What are the major seed-borne plant pathogens? Give examples from bacteria, fungi and viruses.
  61. Discuss the critical levels of inoculums needed for an epidemic through seed-borne infection. What is the relation between seed-borne infection and seed transmission? Evaluate the advances in detection of pathogens in seeds and vegetative planting materials. (60M, CSE 1994)
  62. Aflatoxin (CSE 1993)
  63. Differentiate the following terms with suitable example: (CSE 1993)
    1. Disease escape
    2. Disease tolerant
    3. Disease immune
    4. Disease protection
  64. Distinguish between ‘Mould’ and ‘Yeast’ What are the different types of yeasts? Describe briefly their mode of action. (200W, CSE 1992)
  65. Why are the postharvest diseases important? Explain with reference to suitable examples. What factors influence the occurrence of such diseases, and how are they controlled? (200W, CSE 1991)
  66. What factors are known to help minimize the pest problems associated with kharif grain? Name the important insect pests of cotton and give their control measures. (CSE 1990)
  67. What are the common modes of transmission of viral diseases? Name any disease that is caused by virus in a crop and suggest methods of controlling it. (CSE 1990)
  68. Antigens and Antibodies (CSE 1990)
  69. Aflatoxin (CSE 1989)
  70. Enumerate the characteristics of bacteria, virus and Mycoplasma. (200W, CSE 1989)

Classification of pests and diseases and their management

  1. Write the causal organisms, nature of damage and management practices for damping off in vegetables. (8M, IFoS-2023)
  2. Describe the management of fungal and bacterial diseases of major vegetable crops. (10M, IFoS 2022)
  3. Describe the various methods of pest control with appropriate examples. (20M, CSE 2022)
  4. Enlist and explain the symptoms of plant diseases which disrupt the photosynthesis. (10M, CSE 2022)
  5. What do you mean by ‘Economic Injury Level’ (EIL) and ‘Economic Threshold Level’ (ETL)? Describe their roles in classifying the pests in relevance to Integrated Pest Management (IPM). (15M, CSE 2021)
  6. What are baculovirus and entomopathogenic fungi? Discuss their role in pest management. (15M, IFoS 2021)
  7. Describe the systematic position, nature of damage and management of the following: (4+3+3=10 M, IFoS 2021)
    1. Chilli thrips
    2. Fall armyworm
    3. Citrus greening
  8. Differentiate between the following: Insect vectors and Predators (5M, IFoS 2020)
  9. Write in detail about bacterial diseases of crop plants and their suitable management practices. (15M, CSE 2019)
  10. Classify insect pests based on their feeding habits with suitable examples. (10M, IFoS-2019)
  11. Insect parasitoids and Predators. (10M, IFoS-2018)
  12. Mildews and Blight (15M, IFoS-2017)
  13. What are vascular wilts? Give main pathogens associated with this disease. (10M, IFoS-2016)
  14. Ionizing radiations and insect control (12.5M, CSE 2016)
  15. Discuss critically the plant virus-vector relationship in relation to transmission of plant virus diseases with suitable examples. (8M, 150W, IFoS-2014)
  16. Insect viruses in the management of Lepidoptera insects. (10M, IFoS-2014)
  17. NEPO and NETU viruses and their differences. (10M, IFoS-2014)
  18. What is plant disease epidemic? Why do disease epidemics occur? How can they be managed? (12.5M, CSE 2014)
  19. Briefly discuss handling methods for export of mango. (12.5M, CSE 2014)
  20. Write the causes responsible for alternate bearing mango and apple. Suggest effective measure to overcome the problem. (20M, 250W, CSE 2012)
  21. Describe the diagnostic symptoms, etiology and management of rhizome rot of ginger or bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops (15M, 200W, CSE 2012)
  22. Short note on Phytoalexins (15M, 200W, CSE 2012)
  23. Short note on Gene for gene phypothesis (15M, 200W, CSE 2012)
  24. What is host plant resistance? Give a detailed account of the biophysical and biochemical account of the biophysical and biochemical bases of resistance. (15M, 200W, CSE 2012)
  25. Describe in detail occurrence, symptoms, etiology, epidemiology and management of apple scab disease (12M, 150W, CSE 2012)
  26. What are the abiotic and biotic factors responsible for citrus decline? Suggest remedial measures to combat the problem (15M, 200W, CSE 2012)
  27. Write the diagnostic symptoms of potato spindle tuber disease, its mode of transmission and management (15M, 150, CSE 2011)
  28. Write in brief the diagnostic symptoms of bunchy top of banana, its mode of transmission and management practices to combat the problem (15M, 150W, CSE 2011)
  29. How do phytophagous insects select their host? Explain the role of plant chemicals in host selection (20M, 200W, CSE 2010)
  30. How do the root knot nematode damage the crop plants? Suggest some measures to overcome the root-knot problem. (20M, 200W, CSE 2009)
  31. Describe the etiology, diagnostic symptoms, predisposing factors and management practices of blister blight of tea. (20M, 200W, CSE 2009)
  32. Describe the virus-vector relationship of leaf curl of tomato. (20M, 200W, CSE 2009)
  33. Write on the economic implication and the management of mango malformation in India? (200W, 20M, CSE 2008)
  34. Short note on Fusarium Wilt (20M, CSE 2007)
  35. Critically discuss on vector borne diseases and their management (20M, 200W, CSE 2006)
  36. List five important diseases of sugarcane and mention their nature of incidence and management (20M, 200W, CSE 2006)
  37. Write on cultural practices for the management of pest and diseases (20M, 200W, CSE 2006)
  38. Short note on Khaira disease of rice (15M, CSE 2005)
  39. Briefly mention the use of fungicides for the control of diseases of potato. (20M, CSE 2004)
  40. Comments Red rot of sugarcane (20M, CSE 2003)
  41. Describe the causal organism, life history, nature of damage and control of powdery mildew disease of grapes. (20M, CSE 2003)
  42. Describe the causes and control of mango malformation. (20M, CSE 2003)
  43. Define the host plant resistance and discuss about its importance in cropping system. (20M, 200W, CSE 2003)
  44. Discuss the mechanism and management of insecticidal resistance in insect pest. (20M, CSE 2003)
  45. Describe the nature of damage, life history and management of following insect-pests and diseases: Melong fruit fly, spotted ball worm of cotton, Rice Tungro Virus (20M, 200W, CSE 2002)
  46. Short note on disease complex of cotton (20M, CSE 2002)
  47. Explain the causes of guava wilt and describe its control measures. (20M, 200W, CSE 2001)
  48. Write about the causative organisms, symptoms of damage and chemical control of the following diseases: Dieback in citrus, Damping off in cauliflower , Sooty mould in mango, Anthracnose in grapes (20M, CSE 2000)
  49. What are the importance diseases of paddy? Name the causative organisms of these diseases. Give the management schedule of these diseases. (20M, CSE 2000)
  50. Describe the management of the following crop pests: Fruit fly in mango, Fruit borer in tomato, Red hairy caterpillar in groundnut, Stem borer in sugarcane (20M, CSE 2000)
  51. Write about the management practices of coconut black headed caterpillar. (20M, CSE 1999)
  52. Mention the various insect pests of cashew with their scientific names. Write about the damage and management practices of tea mosquito in cashew orchards. (20M, CSE 1999)
  53. Write in details about the management practices of red rot and smut diseases in sugarcane. (20M, CSE 1999)
  54. Short note on Control of Banana wilt (20M, CSE 1999)
  55. Mention important diseases of potato with scientific names of their causative organisms. Write about the symptoms of damage and control of potato blight disease. (20M, CSE 1999)
  56. Write about the seed treatment chemicals which are used for the control of diseases and pests in agriculture with suitable examples. (20M, 200W, CSE 1999)
  57. Describe pests and diseases of chilli with plan protection schedule followed in central India. (20M, CSE 1998)
  58. What are bacteria? How do they differ from fungi? Describe bacterial diseases of paddy, acid lime and cotton with control measures. (20M, 200W, CSE 1998)
  59. Describe the Puccinia path in relation to the management of wheat rusts through deployment of host resistant genes. (20M, CSE1996)
  60. How do plant mycoplasmas differ from bacteria and viruses? How was mycoplasmal etiology proved in India? Mention the principles of control of mycoplasmal disease. (200W, CSE 1995)
  61. What is the origin of mango, grape and tomato? Mention the names of their cultivated varieties and packages of practices including plant protection measures; also mention their yield per hectare. (CSE 1995)
  62. Rice Tungro (CSE 1995)
  63. Black arm of cotton (CSE 1995)
  64. What do you understand by the “integrated pests and disease management (IPDM)” Give suitable examples of IPDM in sugarcane, cotton and potato indicating the reasons for each input? (60M, CSE 1994)
  65. Powdery mildew (CSE 1993)
  66. Name the causal organism, describe the symptoms, mode of spread, and control of the following: Red rot of sugarcane,Tungro of rice, Early blight of potato, Blackarm of cotton (200W, CSE 1993)
  67. What is a virus? How does it differ from bacteria and mycoplasma? State the important virus diseases of the following crops, their modes of spread, resistant varieties and control measures: Banana, Rice, Tobacco, Sugarcane (CSE 1993)
  68. State the important diseases and pests of the following crops and give their control measures: Brinjal, Peas (CSE 1992)
  69. Banana Witt and Bunchy top often occur in epidemic form and bring catastrophic losses to Banana Industry in India: Mention the causal organisms. What factors favour the spread of these diseases? Give their possible control measures. (CSE 1992)
  70. State the important pests of the following crops and give their control measures: Cotton, Groundnut, Gram, Mango (CSE 1991)
  71. Name one disease each caused by a Virus, bacterium, fungus, physiological deficiency.
  72. Describe the symptoms caused by each in a selected crop. Explain the nature and extent of the damage caused by the disease and control measures in each case. (200W, CSE 1991)
  73. What is mycoplasma? How do they differ from bacteria and viruses? How are they identified in plant tissues? Name a plant disease attributed to be caused by mycoplasma. (200W, CSE 1991)
  74. Write briefly the important disease of the following crops growing pathogens, symptoms and control measures: Rice, Potato, Mustard. (CSE 1990)
  75. Describe the symptoms and control of the following diseases: (CSE 1990)
    1. Downy mildew of pearl millet
    2. Khaira disease of rice.
    3. Powdery mildew of pea.
  76. Name the important insect pests of paddy which are found in India. Describe the life history, damage and control of any one of them. (CSE 1989)
  77. Give the causal organism and describe the symptoms, mode of spread and control of the following: (200W, CSE 1989)
    1. Powdery mildew of crucifers.
    2. Wilt of arhar (Cajanus cajan).
    3. Grain smut of jowar (Sorghum).
    4. Black rust of wheat.
  78. Name any disease that is caused by Phytophthora and suggest at least two methods of controlling it. (200W, CSE 1989)
  79. How would you distinguish between virus and physiological diseases? Write a short account of mosaic disease of tobacco. Give its control measures also. (200W, CSE 1989)

Integrated pest and disease management

  1. Describe the principles, components and strategies for Integrated disease management in crops. Write down its application in management of rice blast. And bacterial blight of pomegranate. (20M CSE 2023)
  2. Discuss the integrated management of nematodes in fruits and vegetables. (10M, IFoS-2022)
  3. Discuss the principles and components of integrated pests and diseases management. (8M, IFoS-2022)
  4. Discuss the integrated management practices for insect-pests and diseases in crops. (10M, IFoS 2020)
  5. Discuss the principle and components of integrated pest and disease management. (8M, IFoS-2019)
  6. What do you mean by Integrated Pest Management (IPM)? Discuss the constraints in successful implementation of IPM. (20M, CSE 2018)
  7. Give the importance of ‘economic threshold’ and ‘economic injury level’ in integrated pest management. (8M, 150W, IFoS-2016)
  8. What is disease occurrence and epidemic? List different components of integrated disease management. (10M, IFoS-2016)
  9. Describe Integrated Pest Management (IPM) vs Integrated nutrient Management (INM) (10M, CSE 2016)
  10. What are the possible reasons for slow adoption of integrated pest management? (10M, IFoS-2016)
  11. Why are the concepts of economic threshold and economic injury levels important in IPM? (12.5M, CSE 2016)
  12. Discuss plant disease occurrence, epidemics and IDM. (12.5M, CSE 2016)
  13. Importance of economic thresholds in integrated pest management. (8M, 150W, IFoS-2015)
  14. Integrated pest management in seed potato. (10M, IFoS-2015)
  15. What is a pheromone trap? Discuss its use in pest management. (15M, 150W, CSE 2011)
  16. What are different types of entomogenous virus? Describe in brief Nuclear Polyhydrosis Virus (NPV) and its merits and demerits in pest management. (20M, 200W, CSE 2010)
  17. How can the pest faunal complex be managed in paddy? (20M, 200W, CSE 2010)
  18. The success story of “Juvenile hormone” (J.H.) in insect pest management (15M, 150W, CSE 2010)
  19. What are synthetic pyrethroids? Explain their mode of action. (20M, 200W, CSE 2010)
  20. Differentiate Cultural versus biological control of pests (20M, 200W, CSE 2009)
  21. What are the main constrains with respect to biological control of plant diseases? Discuss critically. (200W, 20M, CSE 2008)
  22. Describe different techniques of I. P. M (Integrated Pest Management (20M, 200W, CSE 2007)
  23. Describe the IPM technique for Mango. (20M, CSE 2007)
  24. Short note on Pheromones (20M, 200W, CSE 2006)
  25. What is Integrated Pest Management? Describe the role of allelopathy to control insect-pests and plant pathogens. (60M, CSE 2005)
  26. Discuss in brief the significance of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in crop production. Suggest suitable IPM measures for sugarcane. (20M, CSE 2004)
  27. What are the principles of integrated insect-pest management in agriculture? Describe the methods used for control of pests of citrus fruits. (20M, CSE 2001)
  28. Explain integrated pest management. How does it differ from insect pest management? (20M, CSE
  29. What are pheromones? How do they affect behaviour of insects? (20M, 200W, CSE 1996)
  30. Define botanical pesticides. Give examples of their successful use in integrated pest and disease management. (200W, CSE 1995)
  31. Feeding habits of insects (CSE 1995)
  32. Cross protection (CSE 1995)
  33. What do you understand by integrated pest control? Discuss the importance of integrated pest management in intensive agriculture. (CSE 1990)
  34. Discuss the problem of field rats in India. How do you control them? (CSE 1990)
  35. Radiation in insect control (CSE 1989)

Storage pests and their management

  1. Discuss the preventive measures for management of stored grain pests and diseases. (8M, IFoS-2023)
  2. Describe the preventive and curative methods for management of storage pests in pulses. (8M, IFoS-2022)
  3. Describe the biology, Nature of damage and management of the following stored grain pests: (15M, IFoS 2021)
    1. Lesser grain borer
    2. Pulse beetle
    3. Rice moth
  4. Describe the major storage pest of pulses and their control measures. (8M, IFoS 2020)
  5. Enlist the storage pests of pulses with their nature of damage. Write their management practices. (10M, 150W, CSE 2019)
  6. Describe the nature of damage, life cycle and management of pulse beetle and rice weevil. (15M, IFoS-2019)
  7. Mention the important storage insects of pulses and cereals, and their management practices. (15M, IFoS-2018)
  8. Preventive and curative methods against stored grain pest. (8M, IFoS-2017)
  9. Management of storage pests in pulses. (10M, IFoS-2016)
  10. What methods are used to control stored pests? (150W, 8M, IFoS-2015)
  11. Differentiate between khapra beetle and rust red flour beetle. (10M, IFoS-2015)
  12. Name three important stored grain pests of Rice. Describe the biology and management of any one of them. (10M, 150W, CSE 2015)
  13. Describe in brief the preventive and curative methods for the control of storage pests. (20M, 200W, CSE 2010)
  14. Specify the prevention and control strategies of stored grain pests. (20M, 200W, CSE 2009)
  15. Short note on storage pests of wheat or gram and their control (15M, CSE 2005)
  16. Short note on stored grain pests (20M, CSE 2004)
  17. Discuss in detail the storage pest problem of pulses and their control. (20M, 200W, CSE 2003)
  18. Define Grain storage and describe integrated pest management of a storage pest. (20M, 200W, CSE 2002)
  19. Short note on Structures for Grain Storage (20M, CSE 1997)
  20. Short note on storage pests of vigna spp and their management (20M, 200W, CSE 1994)
  21. Describe the preventive and curative measures for control of stored grain pests of wheat, rice and gram. (200W, CSE 1993)
  22. Describe the preventive pressures for the control of stored grain pests in India. Discuss in detail the storage pests of wheat in our country. (CSE 1991)
  23. Discuss briefly the prevention and curative measures for control of stored grain pests. Explain in detail the storage pests of pulses. (CSE 1990)
  24. Plant products for controlling storage pests (CSE 1989)

Biological control of pests and diseases

  1. Explain the biological control methods for tomato fruit borer and guava wilt. (10M, IFoS-2023)
  2. Describe the biological control methods of pests and diseases with respect to organic and natural farming. (15M, IFoS-2022)
  3. Write the principles of biological control of plant pathogens. Describe the recent trends in bio-control Strategies in the field of crop disease management. (15M, CSE 2019)
  4. What is biological control of plat diseases? Discuss its principles. Name the important bio-control agents and their application against important diseases of crops. (10M, IFoS-2018)
  5. Inoculative and augmentative releases natural enemies. (15M, IFoS-2017)
  6. Give definition and concept of biological control. How the biological control of Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been achieved? (10M, IFoS-2016)
  7. Distinguish between Rhizobial inculant and Microbial toxin. (10M, IFoS-2016)
  8. Compare the inoculative and augmentative releases of natural enemies for biological control of pests. (10M, 150W, CSE 2016)
  9. Biological control of pests and diseases (12.5M, CSE 2015)
  10. Short note on Predator and parasites (12.5M, CSE 2015)
  11. What is the role of pheromone for the control of insect-pests? Discuss. (10M, IFoS-2014)
  12. Short note on Plant bio security (12M, 150W, CSE 2012)
  13. Microbial pesticides and their use in agriculture (15M, 200W, CSE 2012)
  14. Differentiate cultural versus biological control of pests (20M, 200W, CSE 2009)
  15. Short note on neem in pest control (20M, CSE 2002)
  16. Short note on Pheromones (20M, CSE 2002)
  17. Describe briefly the biological methods of pest control in agricultural and horticultural crops with suitable examples (20M, CSE 2001)
  18. Explain use of fungicides for the control of diseases in vegetables crops (20M, CSE 2001)
  19. Write about the microbial control of American Boll worm. (20M, CSE 1999)
  20. Short note on trichoderma and Pseudomonas in disease control (20M, CSE 1999)
  21. Short note on use of HNP virus in cotton plant protection (20M, CSE 1998)
  22. Explain the term ‘Biological control of pests and diseases’ Cite examples of biological control against insect pests and diseases and state its advantage over the conventional control measures. (CSE 1993)
  23. Alternate host (CSE 1993)
  24. What do you understand by biological control of pests? Illustrate your answer with suitable examples from India and abroad. (CSE 1991)
  25. What are the broad principles for disease control in crop plants? Describe biological disease control in any crop. (CSE 1990)
  26. Describe the role of plant protection in successful orcharding with particular reference to mango. (200W, CSE 1990)
  27. Discuss biological control of pests illustrating your answer with some of the classical examples from India and abroad. (CSE 1989)

Epidemiology and forecasting of major crop pests and diseases

  1. List biotic and abiotic causes of plant diseases. Give an account of the classification of major physiological processes affected by diseases and symptom types. (15M, CSE 2020)
  2. Define epidemiology. Describe the forecasting models used for pests and diseases of major food crops in India. (20M, 200W, CSE 2009)
  3. What are nematodes? How do plant nematodes damage crop? List out five important nematode pest of crops and mention their management practises? (200W, 20M, CSE 2008)
  4. Define pest forecasting. Describe how the pest fore casting is done in India and the fruits are made available to the farmers. (20M, CSE 2004)
  5. Define disease epidemic. Discuss in brief the causes of epidemics. (20M, CSE 2004)
  6. What are nematodes? How do plant nematodes damage crops and trees? List out five important nematode pests of crops and mention nematode management practices. (20M, CSE 1998)
  7. What is the role of seed born infection in epiphytotics? Give examples in support of your answer. (20M, 200W, CSE 1996)

Plant quarantine measures

  1. What is ‘Plant Quarantine’? Describe the plant quarantine measures with suitable examples in Indian context. (10M, 150W, CSE 2021)
  2. Suggest the measures to prevent the spread of exotic pests and diseases in the country. (20M, CSE 2017)
  3. Define Quarantine. Explain the plant quarantine regulation with respect to wart disease of Potato and bunchy top disease of Banana. (10M, 150W, CSE 2015)
  4. Define plant quarantine. Why the potato tuber grown in Darjeeling district of west Bengal cannot be transported to the other States of India for seed purposes? (10M, IFoS-2014)
  5. Describe the principles and practices of plant quarantine. Can import quarantine be exempted by submitting a phytosanitary certificate issued by the government of the exporting country? Also, are disinfestations of planting material in the exporting country prior to importation or disinfestations in transit performed on the high seas considered to fulfil the requirements for quarantine inspection? (12.5M, CSE 2014)
  6. Short note on Phyto sanitary measures (12M, 150W, CSE 2012)
  7. What is legislative control? Write various acts on pest control legislation adopted in India. (12M, 150W, CSE 2012)
  8. What is plant quarantine? How does it regulate the import and export of plants and seed material? (15M, 150W, CSE 2011)
  9. Plant quarantines (150W, 15M, CSE 2008)
  10. Plant quarantine (CSE 1995)

Pesticides, their formulation and modes of action

  1. Explain the mode of action of organophosphate and Bacillus thuringiensis which are used in pest management. (20M, CSE 2024)
  2. Enlist and explain ‘Dos’ and ‘Don’ts’ in pesticides’ usage with reference to purchase handling, application and disposal of pesticides. (20M, CSE 2022)
  3. What are pesticide formulations? Discuss the different types of formulations used in pest control. (10M, CSE 2022)
  4. Define ‘Pests’ and ‘Pesticide’ in relation to pest management. Give a brief account of types and need for pesticide formulations. (10M, 150W, CSE 2021)
  5. Describe the following: (15M, IFoS 2021)
    1. Neonicotinoid insecticide
    2. Systemic fungicide
    3. Insecticide granules
  6. Classify pesticides according to target pests. Describe the trend in pesticide consumption in India. (20M, CSE 2020)
  7. What is pesticide? Differentiate between simple and multiple resistance in insect pests with examples. Prescribe measures to overcome pesticide resistance problems. (15M, CSE 2019)
  8. What is organophosphate insecticide? Explain its mode of action. (10M, IFoS-2019)
  9. Discuss the process of minimizing the pesticides residue effects in vegetables. (8M, IFoS-2018)
  10. Calculate the amount of Malathion 50EC to treat 50 hectares of flower crop @ 800 litre per hectares. The concentration of spray material to be used is 0.01%. (10M, IFoS-2018)
  11. Find out the quality of Chlorpyriphos 20EC for treating an area which requires 1000 liters of spray fluid at 0.02% strength. (10M, IFoS-2017)
  12. Distinguish between Surface treatment and Fumigation. (10M, IFoS-2016)
  13. What are fungicides? How fungicides are classified on the basis of chemical nature? (12.5M, CSE 2015)
  14. ELISA method application to determine the pesticide residues and its advantages and disadvantages. (10M, IFoS-2014)
  15. What is a pesticide formulation? Differentiate active ingredient from inter ingredient. Give at least two examples each of active and inert ingredients. (12.5M, CSE 2014)
  16. What are the causes of pest outbreak? Discuss the role of pesticides in pest resurgence (12M, 150W, CSE 2012)
  17. Short note on Pesticide residue toxicity in fruit and vegetables (15M, 150W, CSE 2011)
  18. Short note on Insecticidal poisoning, symptoms and treatment (15M, 150W, CSE 2010)
  19. Short note on Antifeedant (15M, 150W, CSE 2009)
  20. Define contact and systemic pesticides. Give suitable example of contact and systemic pesticides maintaining their advantages and disadvantages. (200W, 20M, CSE 2008)
  21. Short note on Organophosphates (20M, CSE 2007)
  22. Differentiate between Pesticide and Insecticide (20M, CSE 2007)
  23. Describe Bio pesticides and their use in Agriculture. (20M, 200W, CSE 2007)
  24. Describe the different formulations of pesticides with examples. (20M, 200W, CSE 2006)
  25. Write on the judicious use of pesticides. (20M, 200W, CSE 2006)
  26. Short note on Carbamate insecticides (20M, CSE 2002)
  27. Define and discuss insecticide resistance management (I. R M) for a pest. (20M, 200W, CSE 2002)
  28. Discuss the use of herbicides in agriculture and the hazards from their use. (20M, 200W, CSE 2001)
  29. Short note on Bio-pesticides (20M, CSE 2000)
  30. What precautions are taken while using toxic insecticides? Also mention the safety measures and devices. (20M, 200W, CSE 1999)
  31. Write about the mode of action of organo-phosphatic insecticides. Give some examples of systemic and non-systemic insecticides. (20M, 200W, CSE 1999)
  32. Short note on Granular pesticides (20M, CSE 1999)
  33. Short note on Organochlorines (20M, CSE 1997)
  34. What are the conditions under which insecticides should not be applied? (20M, CSE 1997)
  35. Describe the role of organic functional groups found in pesticidal molecules. (20M, 200W, CSE 1996)
  36. Synthetic pyrethroids (CSE 1995)
  37. Carbamate insecticide (CSE 1993)
  38. Third generation pesticides (CSE 1989)
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